Next, we evaluate the jugular venous pulse, first the central venous pressure, then the wave form. With regard to the central venous pressure, we see the undulating movement of the venous pulse on the inferolateral aspect of the sternocleidomastoid, and we see above it the sternal angle. So, there is the venous pulse and there is the sternal angle.

Now we observe together the venous wave form, because there is also information in the undulating movement of that venous pulse. And to assess it in terms of its relationship to systole, let’s put our cotton swab on the carotid impulse and then we will compare the movement of the vein to the movement of the carotid arterial impulse. Everybody observe together.